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IV. Erroneous Actions: Human Reliability Analysis (HRA)
   

Gray, W. D.  The Nature and Processing of Errors in Interactive BehaviorCognitive Science Vol. 24.2 (2000): 205-248.  Human error modeling in a VCR programming task is examined.   [View or Download: From Source / Local Copy]

Henley, J. & Kumamoto, H. Reliability Engineering and Risk Assessment. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1981.

Kirwan, B. & Ainsworth, L. K. A Guide to Task Analysis. London: Taylor and Francis, 1992. A text book of various task analysis techniques and their use in the systems engineering process.

Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. Fault Tree Handbook. U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Report No. NUREG-0492 (1981). Describes the construction of fault trees and their purpose in system analysis.   [View or Download:  Local Copy]

  1. Event Tree Analysis

Henley, J. & Kumamoto, H. Reliability Engineering and Risk Assessment. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1981.

Neogy, P., Hanson, A. L., Davis, P. R., & Fenstermacher, T. E. Hazard and Barrier Analysis Guidance Document. Department of Energy, Office of Operating Experience Analysis and Feedback, Report No. EH-33 (1996). Describes event trees, HAZOP analysis, and barrier analysis. [View or Download:  Local Copy]

Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. Fault Tree Handbook. U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Report No. NUREG-0492 (1981). Describes the construction of fault trees and their purpose in system analysis.   [View or Download:  Local Copy]

  2. Fault Tree Analysis

Henley, J. & Kumamoto, H. Reliability Engineering and Risk Assessment. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1981.

Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. Fault Tree Handbook. U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Report No. NUREG-0492 (1981). Describes the construction of fault trees and their purpose in system analysis.   [View or Download:  Local Copy]

  3. Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

Henley, J. & Kumamoto, H. Reliability Engineering and Risk Assessment. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1981.

Vesely, W. E., Goldberg, F. F., Roberts, N. H., & Haasl, D. F. Fault Tree Handbook. U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Report No. NUREG-0492 (1981). Describes the construction of fault trees and their purpose in system analysis.   [View or Download:  Local Copy]

Zalosh, R., Beller, D., & Till, R. Comparative Analysis of the Reliability of Carbon Dioxide Fire Suppression Systems as Required by 46 CFR, SOLAS II-2, and NFPA 12. U. S. Coast Guard Research and Development Center, Report No. CG-D-29-96 (1996). Describes an FMEA conducted for a fire suppression system for a large cruise ship.  [View or Download:  Local Copy]

  4. Barrier Analysis

Neogy, P., Hanson, A. L., Davis, P. R., & Fenstermacher, T. E. Hazard and Barrier Analysis Guidance Document. Department of Energy, Office of Operating Experience Analysis and Feedback, Report No. EH-33 (1996). Describes event trees, HAZOP analysis, and barrier analysis. [View or Download:  Local Copy]

Trost, W.A. & Nertney R.J. Barrier Analysis. U. S. Department of Energy, Report No. US DOE-76-45/29, SSDC-29 (1985).

  5. Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP)

Neogy, P., Hanson, A. L., Davis, P. R., & Fenstermacher, T. E. Hazard and Barrier Analysis Guidance Document. Department of Energy, Office of Operating Experience Analysis and Feedback, Report No. EH-33 (1996). Describes event trees, HAZOP analysis, and barrier analysis. [View or Download:  Local Copy]

Whalley, S.P. Minimizing the Cause of Human Error. In Liberton, G.P., Ed. Reliability Technology Symposium. London: Elsevier, 1988.

  6. Management Oversight Risk Tree (MORT)

Whitaker-Sheppard, D. & Wendel, T. Analysis of the Causes of Chemical Spills from Marine Transportation or Related Facilities. U. S. Coast Guard Research and Development Center, Report No. CG-D-08-96 (1996). The MORT technique is used to study the causes of chemical spills from vessels and facilities. [View or Download:  Local Copy]

  7. Work Safety Analysis

Bell, B. J. & Swain, A.D. A Procedure for Conducting a Human Reliability Analysis for Nuclear Power Plants (Report NUREG/CR-2254). Washington DC: US Nuclear Energy Regulatory Commission (1983).

  8. Confusion Matrices

Kirwan, B. & Ainsworth, L. K. A Guide to Task Analysis. London: Taylor and Francis, 1992. A text book of various task analysis techniques and their use in the systems engineering process.

  9. Operator Action Event Tree

Kirwan, B. & Ainsworth, L. K. A Guide to Task Analysis. London: Taylor and Francis, 1992. A text book of various task analysis techniques and their use in the systems engineering process.

  10. Generic Error Modeling System (GEMS)

Alm, I. Cognitive Tasks: A Meta Analysis of Methods. FOA Report No C 500985.5, Sundbyberg, Sweden, National Defense Research Establishment, Department of Human Studies (1992). Describes GEMS and HTA in some detail.

Reason, J. Human Error. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Describes GEMS and other theories of error. Also presents case studies and design techniques to minimize error.

  11. Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM)

Hollnagel, E. Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method. NY: Elsevier Science Inc., 1998. A book on CREAM by the originator of the method.